Which theory proposes that behaviors are learned through observation and imitation?

Social Learning Theory posits that behaviors are acquired not solely through direct experience or reinforcement but significantly through the observation and imitation of others. This theory emphasizes the importance of modeling, where individuals learn by watching others perform behaviors and noting the outcomes.

Albert Bandura, a key figure in this field, demonstrated through his experiments, such as the Bobo doll study, that children who observed aggressive behavior were likely to imitate that behavior when given the opportunity. This highlights how social interactions and environmental factors influence learning, extending beyond mere trial-and-error methods emphasized in Behaviorism.

In contrast, Behaviorism focuses primarily on observable behaviors and the responses to environmental stimuli, often disregarding internal thought processes. Cognitive Development Theory centers on how individuals process information and develop cognitively over stages, while Constructivist Theory is concerned with how learners construct knowledge through their experiences. Social Learning Theory integrates elements of both behavioral and cognitive perspectives, recognizing the critical role of social contexts in learning.