In Ainsworth's experiment, how do securely attached children behave in a novel environment?

In Ainsworth's experiment, securely attached children exhibit a specific pattern of behavior in a novel environment, demonstrating their attachment security. They tend to explore confidently and freely when their parents are present, showing curiosity and engagement with the environment. This exploration indicates that they feel safe and supported by their caregiver.

When the parents leave, securely attached children typically become distressed, signaling their discomfort with the separation. This reaction reflects their reliance on the caregiver as a source of safety and security. Upon the parent’s return, these children often seek comfort and reassurance, displaying joy or relief, which further illustrates their secure attachment.

This behavior contrasts with the other patterns described in the options. For instance, avoiding exploration may indicate an insecure attachment, where the child does not feel safe to explore. Showing no reaction suggests a lack of attachment or indifference to parental presence, which does not align with the behaviors of securely attached children. Clinging and constant crying reflect anxious or insecure attachment styles, rather than the healthy, balanced responses observed in securely attached children during the "Strange Situation" assessment. Thus, the correct answer aptly captures the characteristics of securely attached children in unfamiliar settings.