How is a "heuristic" defined in psychology?

The definition of a "heuristic" in psychology refers to a mental shortcut that streamlines the process of problem-solving and judgment. Heuristics enable individuals to make quick decisions and assessments without having to engage in lengthy analysis. This cognitive tool is particularly useful in situations where time is limited, or information is too complex to process fully.

For instance, when faced with a decision, someone might rely on experiential learning or rules of thumb rather than weighing all available data meticulously. This can result in faster conclusions but may not always lead to the most accurate outcomes. Heuristics are essential for efficiently navigating everyday challenges, allowing individuals to function effectively even when cognitive resources are scarce.

In contrast, other options describe different psychological processes. Comprehensive analysis of information and reflective decision-making involve thorough evaluations that take more time, while a strategy for emotional regulation pertains to managing feelings rather than making judgments or solving problems. Thus, "B" accurately captures the essence of what a heuristic is in the context of psychological understanding.